Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of the mineral calcite. It most commonly forms in clear, warm, shallow marine waters. It is usually an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation of shell, coral, algal and fecal debris. It can also be a chemical sedimentary rock formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from lake or ocean water.
Limestone has long fascinated earth scientists because of its rich fossil content. Much knowledge of the Earth’s chronology and development has been derived from the study of fossils embedded in limestone and other carbonate rocks.
Certain varieties of limestone also serve as a building stone; they are widely used for flooring, exterior and interior facings, and monuments
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